If you want your clinical research to be successful, one of the most critical factors to consider is patient engagement. By actively involving patients throughout the research journey, you can improve patient recruitment and retention rates, enhance research outcomes, and optimize the patient experience. To achieve these benefits, you need to implement effective patient engagement strategies that address the challenges associated with engaging patients in clinical research. In this article, we’ll explore proven strategies for engaging patients in clinical research and enhancing patient involvement throughout the research journey. Whether you’re starting a new clinical trial or looking to improve your existing processes, read on to learn how patient engagement strategies can help you achieve clinical research success. Key Takeaways: Patient engagement is key to clinical research success Implementing effective patient engagement strategies can help improve recruitment and retention rates Patient-centered approaches can enhance research outcomes and optimize the patient experience Overcoming barriers related to patient recruitment and retention is critical to successful patient engagement Digital tools and platforms can be leveraged to improve patient communication and streamline processes Understanding the Importance of Patient Engagement in Clinical Research Effective patient engagement in clinical research has become increasingly critical in recent years, with patient-centered approaches gaining momentum. By putting patients at the center of research design and implementation, clinical trials can ensure that they address real patient needs, improve patient outcomes, and ultimately succeed. Patient involvement in clinical trials provides a wealth of benefits, including: Improved patient retention and compliance Greater awareness and understanding of the clinical trial process among patients Enhanced data quality through more accurate and complete patient reporting Increased patient satisfaction and trust in the healthcare system Enhancing patient involvement in clinical trials requires a multifaceted approach that focuses on: Education and awareness of clinical research for patients Building trust and rapport with patients Incorporating patient feedback into study design and execution Employing technology and tools that facilitate more effective communication and engagement At their core, successful patient engagement strategies for clinical research must be focused on patient needs, preferences, and perspectives. By implementing a patient-centric approach to clinical research, research teams can build better relationships with patients and ensure that research yields better and more relevant results. Key Challenges in Patient Engagement Improving patient engagement in clinical trials is critical to the success of research studies. However, patient recruitment and retention pose significant challenges for researchers. Patient recruitment is the process of finding and enrolling patients in clinical trials, and retention refers to the ability to keep them engaged throughout the study period. There are several barriers to patient engagement in clinical research. Lack of awareness, knowledge, and resources can hinder patients from participating in research. Other factors, such as fear and mistrust of medical research, can also contribute to low enrollment rates. Effective patient recruitment and retention strategies can overcome these challenges and improve patient engagement in clinical trials. Leveraging patient-facing technologies and social media platforms can increase patient awareness and facilitate communication with research teams. Additionally, partnering with patient advocacy groups can help build trust and foster a positive relationship between patients and researchers. Improving Patient Recruitment Patient recruitment requires a proactive, patient-centric approach. Researchers can enhance patient recruitment by: Developing targeted messaging that resonates with potential participants Collaborating with physicians to identify eligible patients Incentivizing participation with compensation and other perks Effective Patient Retention Patient retention is equally essential to successful clinical research, and effective retention strategies require a multidisciplinary approach. Researchers can enhance patient retention by: Providing regular updates on study progress and outcomes Ensuring timely communication with patients Providing logistical support, such as transportation and childcare, to overcome barriers to participation By employing effective patient recruitment and retention strategies, researchers can optimize patient engagement and improve clinical research outcomes. Proven Strategies for Engaging Patients in Clinical Research Effective patient engagement in research is critical to the success of clinical trials. To ensure that patients are involved in every step of the research, an array of successful patient engagement strategies should be implemented. Below are some proven strategies: Patient Education: Educating patients early and continuously about the research study and the importance of their participation can enhance engagement and improve retention rates. Communication: Effective communication with patients, including clear expectations and frequent updates, can enhance patient engagement in research and build trust between the patient and the researcher. Patient-Centered Trial Design: Designing trials that are tailored to the needs and preferences of patients can lead to better patient engagement and study outcomes. Leveraging Technology: Using digital tools, such as mobile apps and wearables, can enable real-time communication with patients, facilitate data collection, and provide personalized support throughout the study. Increasing Patient Engagement Through Patient-Centered Trial Design: A patient-centered trial design can improve patient engagement in research. By involving patients in study design, researchers can better understand patient preferences and tailor studies to meet patient needs. This approach can lead to higher patient satisfaction, better retention rates, and more accurate data. For example, a clinical trial may be structured to allow patients to participate from home instead of traveling to a research site. This improves patient convenience, leading to greater patient engagement and compliance. “Involving patients in the design of clinical trials leads to higher patient satisfaction, better retention rates, and more accurate data.” Effective patient engagement is key to the success of clinical research. Implementing successful patient engagement strategies, such as patient education, communication, patient-centered trial design, and leveraging technology, can enhance patient engagement and improve research outcomes. Enhancing Patient Involvement Throughout the Research Journey Active patient engagement is crucial to the success of clinical trials. Throughout the research journey, involving patients can provide valuable insights and real-world perspectives, leading to better research outcomes. Here are some strategies to enhance patient involvement in clinical trials: Provide patients with clear and concise information about the research study, including the purpose, procedures, and risks involved. Use easy-to-understand language and visuals to ensure patients fully understand their role. Encourage active participation by involving patients in study

If you’re involved in clinical research, you know just how important it is to engage patients effectively to ensure successful outcomes. Understanding patient perspectives and tailoring engagement strategies can lead to enhanced patient involvement, improved trial results, and significant medical advancements. By implementing the right patient recruitment strategies, simplifying the informed consent process, and offering education and support, researchers can foster meaningful engagement and optimize clinical research outcomes. Key Takeaways: Effective patient engagement is essential for successful clinical research outcomes. Tailoring engagement strategies can improve patient involvement and enhance trial results. Strategies such as targeted advertising, leveraging patient registries, and using social media can help with patient recruitment. Simplifying the informed consent process, offering support and resources, and utilizing mobile health technologies can all enhance participant engagement. Incorporating cultural sensitivity and diversity can make clinical research more inclusive and successful. Importance of Patient Engagement in Clinical Research Successful clinical research requires active engagement from patients. Patient engagement not only helps to improve participants’ overall experience, it also fosters high-quality and reliable study results. By involving patients in the research process, they can provide valuable insights, offer suggestions for study design, and increase the likelihood of successful recruitment and retention. Through clinical trial patient engagement, researchers can establish strong relationships with participants, leading to a more personalized and enjoyable experience. In turn, this can enhance participant engagement in research, ultimately contributing to the advancement of medical knowledge. “When patients are engaged in their healthcare, they take a more active role in managing their health. And when patients participate in clinical trials, they have the opportunity to help advance medical knowledge and potentially improve their own health outcomes.” To ensure improvement in patient engagement, enhancing participant engagement in clinical research has become one of the top priorities. By utilizing patient-centered approaches, patient retention strategies, and participant engagement in clinical research, researchers can promote overall success in clinical trials. Strategies for Patient Recruitment In order for your clinical trial to be successful, you need to identify and recruit the right participants. Follow these strategies to increase patient engagement and ensure high enrollment rates: Use targeted advertising to reach potential participants based on demographics, location, and interests. Leverage patient registries to connect with individuals who have expressed interest in clinical trials related to their condition. Partner with healthcare providers to tap into their patient networks and referral systems. Utilize social media platforms to reach a large and diverse audience, and engage potential participants through interactive content and community outreach. You can also implement patient retention strategies to keep participants engaged throughout the trial. These can include offering incentives for participation, providing regular updates on study progress, and creating opportunities for participants to connect and share their experiences. Consider incorporating visual elements into your recruitment materials to increase the appeal and accessibility of your trial. Check out the example graphic below: Recruitment Strategies Strategy Advantages Targeted Advertising Reaches a specific audience with relevant interests Patient Registries Connects with individuals who have expressed interest in clinical trials related to their condition Healthcare Provider Partnerships Taps into patient networks and referral systems Social Media Platforms Reaches a large and diverse audience, and engages potential participants through interactive content and community outreach By implementing these strategies and incorporating patient feedback into your recruitment efforts, you can optimize participant engagement and ensure the success of your clinical trial. Tailoring Informed Consent Process The informed consent process is a critical part of clinical research and a crucial element in building trust with participants. The process itself can be intimidating and uncomfortable for some individuals, which can impact enrollment and retention rates. As a researcher, you can take steps to improve the informed consent process through active participant engagement and the use of clear and accessible language. One effective strategy is to tailor the informed consent process to meet the specific needs and preferences of participants. This can involve simplifying language and utilizing visual aids such as videos, diagrams, or interactive digital media to improve comprehension. In addition, involving participants in the development of consent materials can enhance their understanding of the study and foster a sense of involvement and autonomy. “Engaging participants in the development of consent materials can ultimately improve comprehension, empower individuals, and even increase recruitment and retention rates.” Another strategy for improving the informed consent process is to provide opportunities for participants to ask questions and clarify any uncertainties they may have about the study. This can involve allocating extra time for discussions and one-on-one meetings or providing a helpline or email address that participants can use to contact the research team. Image: Enhancing Participant Engagement Keeping participants engaged throughout the duration of clinical trials is essential for ensuring high-quality data collection and retaining participants. By utilizing effective engagement strategies, researchers can enhance participant experience and improve outcomes. Regular Updates Providing regular updates on study progress is a great way to keep participants engaged and informed. Researchers can use emails, newsletters, or text messages to communicate progress updates, milestones, and any relevant changes to the study design. This can help participants feel more invested in the research process and promote a sense of teamwork between participants and researchers. Support and Resources Ongoing support and resources can help participants stay motivated and engaged. Researchers can offer resources such as informative brochures, educational videos, or support groups to help participants feel supported throughout the duration of the study. This can help foster a sense of community among participants and ensure that they feel like vital contributors to the study’s success. Mobile Health Technologies Mobile health technologies, such as wearable devices or mobile apps can help researchers stay connected with participants throughout the duration of the trial. These technologies can be used to collect data remotely, monitor participants’ progress, and provide personalized support and feedback. This can enhance participant experience and further foster engagement. Fostering Strong Relationships Developing strong relationships between participants and research staff is key to enhancing engagement. By establishing rapport, researchers can help participants feel more

Welcome to our article on Tips for Long-term Study Participation. Participating in long-term studies is crucial for the advancement of scientific research and healthcare outcomes. However, it can be challenging to stay committed throughout the study journey, requiring patience, consistency, and motivation. In this article, we will explore expert tips to help you stay engaged and committed to your long-term study participation, ensuring you contribute to scientific advancements effectively. Key Takeaways: Setting clear goals is essential for effective study habits and long-term commitment Effective study habits include creating a study schedule, finding a quiet study environment, and using active reading techniques Organizing your study materials helps to maintain focus and stay engaged Managing your study time effectively can prevent study fatigue and burnout Maintaining motivation throughout your study journey is important for staying committed Understanding the Importance of Long-term Study Participation Long-term study participation is vital to the advancement of scientific research and improving future healthcare outcomes. By staying committed, you can help researchers to gather more accurate data, assess the long-term effects of treatments or interventions, and develop comprehensive solutions for various health issues. Long-term study participation requires endurance, motivation, and effective learning techniques. Maintaining focus and finding ways to stay motivated throughout your study journey will help you achieve your goals. Additionally, using long-term learning techniques will ensure you have a better chance of retaining information and applying it effectively. Participating in a study for an extended period can be challenging, but it can provide a sense of purpose and accomplishment. By contributing to scientific research, you can make a valuable impact on society and potentially improve future healthcare outcomes. The Benefits of Long-term Study Participation Benefit Description More Accurate Data Long-term studies allow researchers to collect a significant amount of data, resulting in more accurate information and more comprehensive findings. Assess Long-term Effects Long-term studies can help identify the long-term effects of treatments or interventions, providing deeper insights into the effects of medications or therapy. Contribute to Scientific Advancements Long-term study participation allows you to contribute to the advancement of scientific knowledge, potentially leading to groundbreaking discoveries and innovative healthcare solutions. “Long-term study participation requires commitment, focus, and motivation. By setting clear goals, developing effective study habits, and staying organized, you can successfully navigate through your study journey.” Setting Clear Goals for Your Studies Effective study habits involve setting clear goals for your studies. To stay committed, define specific, achievable objectives that align with your personal motivations. These goals will keep you focused and motivated on your study journey and become a roadmap to achieving your desired outcomes. Whether you want to achieve better health, contribute to scientific research, or gain knowledge, having a clear purpose is essential. With a well-defined purpose, you can organize your time, prioritize your studies, and make progress toward your goals. Goal-Setting Strategies When setting goals for your studies, it is helpful to use the SMART method. SMART stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-Based. Setting SMART goals ensures that each goal is well-defined, tangible, and within reach. Here is a table to help you understand each element of the SMART method: Element Explanation Example Specific Clearly defined and detailed Complete 1 chapter in the History textbook by Tuesday next week Measurable Quantifiable and trackable Score 80% or above on the next math quiz Achievable Challenging yet attainable Complete all reading assignments for the upcoming week Relevant Pertinent and appropriate to your goals Understand the basics of organic chemistry to succeed in medical school Time-Based Includes specific deadlines or milestones Write a 10-page research paper on the ethical implications of artificial intelligence by the end of the semester By adopting the SMART method, you can set goals that are tailored to your needs and objectives. Tip: Create a vision board with inspirational images, motivational quotes, and reminders of your goals to keep your aspirations top of mind. Developing Effective Study Habits Building effective study habits is crucial to maintaining focus and ensuring successful long-term study participation. It can be challenging to break old habits and establish new ones, but with determination and discipline, you can create a routine that works for you. Consider the following tips: Create a Study Schedule A study schedule that aligns with your lifestyle can help you stay organized and on track. Start by identifying the best time of day for you to study, and block off that time in your calendar. Be sure to include regular breaks to prevent burnout and keep your mind fresh. Stick to your schedule as much as possible, but don’t be too hard on yourself if things don’t go according to plan. Find a Quiet Study Environment Minimizing distractions can help you stay focused and retain information better. Find a quiet study space where you can concentrate without interruptions. If possible, choose a location with good lighting and a comfortable chair to reduce physical strain. Noise-canceling headphones or earplugs can also be helpful in creating a quiet environment. Utilize Effective Learning Techniques Active reading, note-taking, and summarizing are great techniques for retaining knowledge and staying engaged with the material. Use highlighters or colored pens to emphasize important information in your notes, and consider using diagrams or illustrations to supplement your reading. Experiment with different techniques and find what works best for you. “The more that you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn, the more places you’ll go.” – Dr. Seuss Organizing Your Study Materials Do you often find yourself struggling to focus on your studies or losing important study materials? It may be time to organize your study space. A cluttered study space can hinder your ability to concentrate and stay engaged. Keep your study materials organized by using folders, binders, or digital tools to sort and categorize information. Having a well-organized study space will help you find resources quickly and maintain a sense of order and focus. Here are some tips to help you organize your study space: Use folders and binders to

Welcome to our article on patient-centric approaches, the new frontier in clinical trial engagement. In recent years, the healthcare industry has been shifting its focus towards more patient-centered research, leading to better outcomes and improved patient experiences. Patient-centric approaches prioritize the needs and perspectives of patients, ensuring their active involvement in clinical trials. By doing so, we can create more inclusive and engaging trial environments that reflect the diversity of patient populations and address their concerns effectively. With the promise of better recruitment and retention rates, improved adherence to protocols, and more meaningful outcomes, patient-centric approaches are revolutionizing the way we conduct medical research. In this article, we explore the importance of patient engagement in clinical trials, the challenges faced by traditional clinical trial engagement methods, and the benefits of embracing patient-centric approaches. We will also discuss technological advances, examples of successful implementation, and the way forward in this new frontier of research. Key Takeaways: Patient-centric approaches prioritize the needs and experiences of patients in clinical trials. Traditional clinical trial engagement methods may not address the concerns and preferences of patients, which leads to low participant recruitment and retention rates. By integrating patient feedback and preferences, we can create more reliable and applicable research findings. Technological advances, such as Natural Language Processing algorithms, help extract valuable insights from patient feedback. The future of clinical trials lies in embracing patient-centric approaches wholeheartedly. Understanding the Importance of Patient Engagement in Clinical Trials When it comes to clinical trials, patient engagement is key. It involves actively involving patients in the research process, including decision-making and feedback collection. By placing patients at the center, you can ensure that their perspectives and needs are considered, leading to more relevant and effective research outcomes. Without patient engagement, clinical trials may suffer from low participant retention rates and inadequate problem-solving. Patients are the primary beneficiaries of medical research, and it is important to ensure they have a say in how it’s done. By gathering and integrating their feedback, clinical trials can utilize patient-centered research to develop more accurate and effective methods that can aid in providing improved care for patients. One example of patient engagement is through patient advisory boards, comprised of patients and caregivers who provide valuable insight and feedback on research protocols and study design. Another way to increase patient engagement is through personalized, patient-friendly trial designs that incorporate elements that cater to participants’ needs and preferences. Recruit Qualified can help you develop patient-friendly trial designs, offer targeted advertising, and facilitate personalized messaging to enhance participant recruitment. We can also provide patient advisory board services to gain valuable insights from patients and develop a patient-centered approach to clinical trial engagement. By prioritizing patient engagement in clinical trials, you can ensure better outcomes and a more effective use of resources. Improved engagement leads to higher trial completion rates, better adherence to protocols, and a higher likelihood of usable data that will aid both researchers and patients. Challenges Faced in Traditional Clinical Trial Engagement Traditional clinical trial engagement methods present challenges in clinical trial recruitment and retention rates. Despite their best efforts, researchers may not adequately address the concerns and preferences of patients, leading to a lack of commitment and enthusiasm towards the clinical trial process. For instance, patients may feel discouraged to participate in a trial if they perceive the protocol as too invasive or burdensome. They may also express reservations regarding data privacy and security, further decreasing their interest in trial participation. These challenges can compromise the quality of the research and lengthen the timelines for drug development. To address these challenges, a paradigm shift towards patient-centric approaches is necessary. By putting the patient’s perspectives, interests, and preferences at the center of the research process, clinical trial engagement can be significantly improved. Table 1: Common Challenges in Clinical Trial Engagement Challenge Explanation Lack of Patient Involvement Patients are not actively involved in trial design or decision-making, leading to clinical trials that may not adequately address their concerns or interests. Unrealistic Expectations Patients may harbor unrealistic expectations regarding the clinical trial process, leading to disappointment when these expectations are not met. Ill-Informed Patients Poor patient information provision can lead to misconceptions and insufficient patient knowledge regarding the clinical trial process, procedures, and goals. Table 1 illustrates some of the common challenges faced by traditional clinical trial engagement methods. You can see that these challenges directly affect patient involvement, causing a ripple effect of consequences that can negatively impact the quality and success of the research. Patient-centric approaches, on the other hand, seek to minimize these challenges by involving patients in the design process. By catering to patient interests, addressing their concerns, and providing clear information, researchers can foster greater patient involvement and address the challenges that come with traditional clinical trial engagement. Introduction to Patient-Centric Approaches You may have heard the term ‘patient-centric’ a lot lately, but what does it actually mean? Simply put, patient-centric approaches prioritize the needs and experiences of patients throughout the clinical trial process. Rather than focusing solely on scientific objectives, patient-centric design takes into account the impact of the trial on patient lives, making trials more accessible, engaging, and inclusive. Enhanced patient involvement and engagement are at the core of such approaches. For instance, studies are designed to be patient-friendly, providing clear and accessible information. Researchers also actively involve patients in decision-making, creating a collaborative working relationship between patients and clinicians. This partnership helps patients feel heard and valued; it also helps researchers gain a deeper understanding of patient needs. Ultimately, this leads to more successful clinical trial recruitment, higher participation rates, and greater participant satisfaction. Given the benefits of patient-centric approaches, it’s not surprising that they are gaining traction across the medical research industry. Such approaches have the potential to transform clinical trial recruitment and engagement in ways that we could not have imagined before. Benefits and Outcomes of Patient-Centric Approaches Choosing patient-centric approaches in clinical trials can bring about several benefits as a result. By putting patients first,

If you’re involved in clinical research, you know just how important it is to engage patients effectively to ensure successful outcomes. Understanding patient perspectives and tailoring engagement strategies can lead to enhanced patient involvement, improved trial results, and significant medical advancements. By implementing the right patient recruitment strategies, simplifying the informed consent process, and offering education and support, researchers can foster meaningful engagement and optimize clinical research outcomes. Key Takeaways: Effective patient engagement is essential for successful clinical research outcomes. Tailoring engagement strategies can improve patient involvement and enhance trial results. Strategies such as targeted advertising, leveraging patient registries, and using social media can help with patient recruitment. Simplifying the informed consent process, offering support and resources, and utilizing mobile health technologies can all enhance participant engagement. Incorporating cultural sensitivity and diversity can make clinical research more inclusive and successful. Importance of Patient Engagement in Clinical Research Successful clinical research requires active engagement from patients. Patient engagement not only helps to improve participants’ overall experience, it also fosters high-quality and reliable study results. By involving patients in the research process, they can provide valuable insights, offer suggestions for study design, and increase the likelihood of successful recruitment and retention. Through clinical trial patient engagement, researchers can establish strong relationships with participants, leading to a more personalized and enjoyable experience. In turn, this can enhance participant engagement in research, ultimately contributing to the advancement of medical knowledge. “When patients are engaged in their healthcare, they take a more active role in managing their health. And when patients participate in clinical trials, they have the opportunity to help advance medical knowledge and potentially improve their own health outcomes.” To ensure improvement in patient engagement, enhancing participant engagement in clinical research has become one of the top priorities. By utilizing patient-centered approaches, patient retention strategies, and participant engagement in clinical research, researchers can promote overall success in clinical trials. Strategies for Patient Recruitment In order for your clinical trial to be successful, you need to identify and recruit the right participants. Follow these strategies to increase patient engagement and ensure high enrollment rates: Use targeted advertising to reach potential participants based on demographics, location, and interests. Leverage patient registries to connect with individuals who have expressed interest in clinical trials related to their condition. Partner with healthcare providers to tap into their patient networks and referral systems. Utilize social media platforms to reach a large and diverse audience, and engage potential participants through interactive content and community outreach. You can also implement patient retention strategies to keep participants engaged throughout the trial. These can include offering incentives for participation, providing regular updates on study progress, and creating opportunities for participants to connect and share their experiences. Consider incorporating visual elements into your recruitment materials to increase the appeal and accessibility of your trial. Check out the example graphic below: Recruitment Strategies Strategy Advantages Targeted Advertising Reaches a specific audience with relevant interests Patient Registries Connects with individuals who have expressed interest in clinical trials related to their condition Healthcare Provider Partnerships Taps into patient networks and referral systems Social Media Platforms Reaches a large and diverse audience, and engages potential participants through interactive content and community outreach By implementing these strategies and incorporating patient feedback into your recruitment efforts, you can optimize participant engagement and ensure the success of your clinical trial. Tailoring Informed Consent Process The informed consent process is a critical part of clinical research and a crucial element in building trust with participants. The process itself can be intimidating and uncomfortable for some individuals, which can impact enrollment and retention rates. As a researcher, you can take steps to improve the informed consent process through active participant engagement and the use of clear and accessible language. One effective strategy is to tailor the informed consent process to meet the specific needs and preferences of participants. This can involve simplifying language and utilizing visual aids such as videos, diagrams, or interactive digital media to improve comprehension. In addition, involving participants in the development of consent materials can enhance their understanding of the study and foster a sense of involvement and autonomy. “Engaging participants in the development of consent materials can ultimately improve comprehension, empower individuals, and even increase recruitment and retention rates.” Another strategy for improving the informed consent process is to provide opportunities for participants to ask questions and clarify any uncertainties they may have about the study. This can involve allocating extra time for discussions and one-on-one meetings or providing a helpline or email address that participants can use to contact the research team. Image: Enhancing Participant Engagement Keeping participants engaged throughout the duration of clinical trials is essential for ensuring high-quality data collection and retaining participants. By utilizing effective engagement strategies, researchers can enhance participant experience and improve outcomes. Regular Updates Providing regular updates on study progress is a great way to keep participants engaged and informed. Researchers can use emails, newsletters, or text messages to communicate progress updates, milestones, and any relevant changes to the study design. This can help participants feel more invested in the research process and promote a sense of teamwork between participants and researchers. Support and Resources Ongoing support and resources can help participants stay motivated and engaged. Researchers can offer resources such as informative brochures, educational videos, or support groups to help participants feel supported throughout the duration of the study. This can help foster a sense of community among participants and ensure that they feel like vital contributors to the study’s success. Mobile Health Technologies Mobile health technologies, such as wearable devices or mobile apps can help researchers stay connected with participants throughout the duration of the trial. These technologies can be used to collect data remotely, monitor participants’ progress, and provide personalized support and feedback. This can enhance participant experience and further foster engagement. Fostering Strong Relationships Developing strong relationships between participants and research staff is key to enhancing engagement. By establishing rapport, researchers can help participants feel more